![]() Silicon research in plants have started more than a century ago, but until the beginning of the 20th century, its role and beneficial effects on crop production were not recognized. The visible symptoms of Si deficiency or toxicity are not striking, and it does not harm plants when accumulated in excess surplus. Silicon is the second element after oxygen in abundance on the Earth it is common in nearly all soils and available for plants. The role and significance of silicon (Si) in plants’ physiology has been recognized recently and it is classified as a beneficial plant nutrient in some of the most significant crops grown in the largest area. Our aim was to provide an overview of recent research on the role and importance of silicon in sustainable crop production and to highlight possible directions for further research. This review discusses the role and beneficial effects of silicon in plants as a valuable tool for regulating biological and abiotic stresses. Future research is needed to address these issues. Many questions remain to be clarified about the uptake, transport, and role of silicon in plant life processes, such as stress management. Controversial results have also been obtained on the use of different Si-containing materials as fertilizers. The use of silicon as a nutrient is becoming more widespread in crop production practices based on research results reporting beneficial effects. There are also many new research results on the formation of phytoliths and their role in the plants. The grouping of plant species according to silicon accumulation is constantly changing as a result of new findings. Furthermore, as the silicon content of soils available to plants can vary greatly depending on soil type, the many positive results have led to increased interest in silicon as a nutrient in sustainable agriculture over the last decade. Experimental results have demonstrated the role of silicon in mitigating environmental stresses on plants (especially in silicon accumulating plant species). ![]() In addition to the application of macronutrients (N, P, K), there has been an increasing interest in studying the effects of different micronutrients on growth and development in plant populations under abiotic and biotic stresses.
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